Saturday, February 20, 2010

The 99 Attributes of Allah

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AN EXPLANATION OF THE PERFECT NAMES AND ATTRIBUTES OF ALLAH








"He is Allah, the Creator, the Originator, The Fashioner, to Him belong
the most beautiful names: whatever is in the heavens and on earth, do declare His praises and glory. And He is the Exalted in Might, The Wise. (Quran 59:24)


"The most beautiful names belong to God: so call on Him by them;..." (7:180)



It is not possible to perfectly translate the names and attributes of
Allah from their original Arabic into English. However, here are some
fairly close explanations.



^= letter ain of arabic
'= letter hamza of arabic





  1. Allah


    • Allah, He who has the Godhood which is the power to create the
      entities.



  2. Ar-Rahmaan

    • The Compassionate, The Beneficient, The One who has plenty of mercy for the believers and the

      blasphemers
      in this world and especially for the believers in the
      hereafter.



  3. Ar-Raheem


    • The Merciful, The One who has plenty of mercy for the believers.



  4. Al-Malik

    • The King, The Sovereign Lord, The One with the complete Dominion, the One Whose
      Dominion is
      clear
      from imperfection.


  5. Al-Quddoos


    • The Holy, The One who is pure from any imperfection and clear from

      children and adversaries.


  6. As-Salaam

    • The Source of Peace, The One who is free from every imperfection.


  7. Al-Mu'min


    • Guardian of Faith, The One who witnessed for Himself that no one is God but
      Him.
      And He witnessed for His believers that they are truthful
      in
      their belief that no one is God but Him.


  8. Al-Muhaimin

    • The Protector, The One who witnesses the saying and deeds of His
      creatures.


  9. Al-^Azeez

    • The Mighty, The Strong, The Defeater who is not defeated.



  10. Al-Jabbaar

    • The Compeller, The One that nothing happens in His Dominion except that
      which
      He willed.


  11. Al-Mutakabbir

    • The Majestic, The One who is clear from the attributes of the creatures
      and
      from resembling them.


  12. Al-Khaaliq


    • The Creator, The One who brings everything from non-existence to
      existence.


  13. Al-Bari'

    • The Evolver, The Maker, The Creator who has the Power to turn the entities.


  14. Al-Musawwir


    • The Fashioner, The One who forms His creatures in different pictures.


  15. Al-Ghaffaar

    • The Great Forgiver, The Forgiver, The One who forgives the sins of His slaves time and time

      again.


  16. Al-Qahhaar

    • The Subduer, The Dominant, The One who has the perfect Power and is not unable
      over
      anything.



  17. Al-Wahhaab

    • The Bestower, The One who is Generous in giving plenty without any
      return. He is everything that benefits whether Halal or Haram.


  18. Al-Razzaaq

    • The Sustainer, The Provider.


  19. Al-Fattaah


    • The Opener, The Reliever, The Judge,
      The One who opens for His slaves the closed worldy and

      religious matters.


  20. Al-^Aleem

    • The All-knowing, The Knowledgeable; The One nothing is absent from His
      knowledge.


  21. Al-Qaabid


    • The Constricter, The Retainer, The Withholder, The One who constricts the sustenance by His wisdomand
      expands

      and widens it with His Generosity and Mercy.


  22. Al-Baasit

    • The Expander, The Englarger, The One who constricts the sustenance by His wisdomand
      expands

      and widens it with His Generosity and Mercy.


  23. Al-Khaafid

    • The Abaser, The One who lowers whoever He willed by His Destruction
      and
      raises whoever He willed by His Endowment.



  24. Ar-Raafi^

    • The Exalter, The Elevator, The One who lowers whoever He willed by His Destruction
      and
      raises whoever He willed by His Endowment.


  25. Al-Mu^iz

    • The Honorer, He gives esteem to whoever He willed, hence there is no
      one to

      degrade Him; And He degrades whoever He willed, hence
      there is
      no one to give Him esteem.


  26. Al-Muthil


    • The Dishonorer, The Humiliator, He gives esteem to whoever He willed, hence there is no
      one to

      degrade Him; And He degrades whoever He willed, hence
      there is
      no one to give Him esteem.


  27. As-Samee^

    • The All-Hearing, The Hearer, The One who Hears all things that are heard by His
      Eternal
      Hearing without an ear, instrument or organ.


  28. Al-Baseer


    • The All-Seeing, The One who Sees all things that are seen by His Eternal
      Seeing

      without a pupil or any other instrument.


  29. Al-Hakam

    • The Judge, He is the Ruler and His judgment is His Word.


  30. Al-^Adl

    • The Just, The One who is entitled to do what He does.



  31. Al-Lateef

    • The Subtle One, The Gracious, The One who is kind to His slaves and endows upon them.


  32. Al-Khabeer

    • The Aware, The One who knows the truth of things.


  33. Al-Haleem


    • The Forebearing, The Clement, The One who delays the punishment for those who deserve
      it and
      then He might forgive them.


  34. Al-^Azeem

    • The Great One, The Mighty, The One deserving the attributes of Exaltment, Glory,
      Extolement,and Purity from all imperfection.


  35. Al-Ghafoor


    • The All-Forgiving, The Forgiving, The One who forgives a lot.


  36. Ash-Shakoor

    • The Grateful, The Appreciative, The One who gives a lot of reward for a little obedience.


  37. Al-^Aliyy

    • The Most High, The Sublime, The One who is clear from the attributes of the
      creatures.



  38. Al-Kabeer

    • The Most Great, The Great, The One who is greater than everything in status.


  39. Al-Hafeez

    • The Preserver, The Protector,
      The One who protects whatever and whoever He willed to
      protect.


  40. Al-Muqeet


    • The Maintainer, The Guardian, The Feeder, The Sustainer,
      The One who has the Power.


  41. Al-Haseeb

    • The Reckoner, The One who gives the satisfaction.


  42. Aj-Jaleel


    • The Sublime One, The Beneficent, The One who is attributed with greatness of Power and
      Glory of
      status.


  43. Al-Kareem

    • The Generous One, The Bountiful, The Gracious, The One who is attributed with greatness of Power and
      Glory of
      status.


  44. Ar-Raqeeb

    • The Watcher, The Watchful, The One that nothing is absent from Him. Hence it's
      meaning is
      related to the attribute of Knowledge.



  45. Al-Mujeeb

    • The Responsive, The Hearkener, The One who answers the one in need if he asks Him and
      rescues
      the yearner if he calls upon Him.


  46. Al-Wasi^

    • The Vast, The All-Embracing, The Knowledgeable.


  47. Al-Hakeem


    • The Wise, The Judge of Judges, The One who is correct in His doings.


  48. Al-Wadood

    • The Loving, The One who loves His believing slaves and His believing
      slaves

      love Him. His love to His slaves is His Will to be
      merciful to
      them and praise them:Hence it's meaning is related to
      the
      attributes of the Will and Kalam (His attribute with
      which He
      orders and forbids and spoke to Muhammad and Musa -peace
      be
      upon them- . It is not a sound nor a language nor a
      letter.).


  49. Al-Majeed


    • The Most Glorious One, The Glorious, The One who is with perfect Power, High Status,
      Compassion,
      Generosity and Kindness.


  50. Al-Ba^ith

    • The Reserrector, The Raiser (from death), The One who resurrects His slaves after death for reward
      and/or

      punishment.


  51. Ash-Shaheed

    • The Witness, The One who nothing is absent from Him.



  52. Al-Haqq

    • The Truth, The True, The One who truly exists.


  53. Al-Wakeel

    • The Trustee, The One who gives the satisfaction and is relied upon.


  54. Al-Qawiyy


    • The Most Strong, The Strong, The One with the complete Power.


  55. Al-Mateen

    • The Firm One, The One with extreme Power which is un-interrupted and He
      does
      not get tired.


  56. Al-Waliyy


    • The Protecting Friend, The Supporter.


  57. Al-Hameed

    • The Praiseworthy, The praised One who deserves to be praised.


  58. Al-Muhsee

    • The Counter, The Reckoner, The One who the count of things are known to him.



  59. Al-Mubdi'

    • The Originator, The One who started the human being. That is, He created
      him.


  60. Al-Mu^eed

    • The Reproducer, The One who brings back the creatures after death.


  61. Al-Muhyi


    • The Restorer, The Giver of Life, The One who took out a living human from semen that does
      not
      have a soul. He gives life by giving the souls back to
      the worn
      out bodies on the resurrection day and He makes the
      hearts
      alive by the light of knowledge.


  62. Al-Mumeet

    • The Creator of Death, The Destroyer, The One who renders the living dead.


  63. Al-Hayy


    • The Alive, The One attributed with a life that is unlike our life
      and is
      not that of a combination of soul, flesh or blood.


  64. Al-Qayyoom

    • The Self-Subsisting, The One who remains and does not end.


  65. Al-Waajid

    • The Perceiver, The Finder, The Rich who is never poor. Al-Wajd is Richness.



  66. Al-Waahid

    • The Unique, The One, The One without a partner.



  67. Al-Ahad

    • The One.





  68. As-Samad

    • The Eternal, The Independent, The Master who is relied upon in matters and reverted to
      in
      ones needs.


  69. Al-Qaadir

    • The Able, The Capable, The One attributed with Power.



  70. Al-Muqtadir

    • The Powerful, The Dominant, The One with the perfect Power that nothing is withheld
      from
      Him.


  71. Al-Muqaddim

    • The Expediter, The Promoter, The One who puts things in their right places. He makes
      ahead
      what He wills and delays what He wills.


  72. Al-Mu'akh-khir


    • The Delayer, the Retarder, The One who puts things in their right places. He makes
      ahead
      what He wills and delays what He wills.


  73. Al-'Awwal

    • The First, The One whose Existence is without a beginning.


  74. Al-'Akhir


    • The Last, The One whose Existence is without an end.


  75. Az-Zaahir

    • The Manifest, The One that nothing is above Him and nothing is
      underneath
      Him, hence He exists without a place. He,
      The Exalted, His Existence is obvious by proofs and He is
      clear
      from the delusions of attributes of bodies.


  76. Al-Baatin

    • The Hidden, The One that nothing is above Him and nothing is
      underneath
      Him, hence He exists without a place. He,
      The Exalted, His Existence is obvious by proofs and He is
      clear
      from the delusions of attributes of bodies.



  77. Al-Walee

    • The Governor, The One who owns things and manages them.


  78. Al-Muta^ali

    • The Most Exalted, The High Exalted, The One who is clear from the attributes of the creation.


  79. Al-Barr


    • The Source of All Goodness, The Righteous, The One who is kind to His creatures, who covered them
      with His

      sustenance and specified whoever He willed among them by
      His
      support, protection, and special mercy.


  80. At-Tawwaab

    • The Acceptor of Repentance, The Relenting, The One who grants repentance to whoever He willed among
      His
      creatures and accepts his repentance.


  81. Al-Muntaqim


    • The Avenger, The One who victoriously prevails over His enemies and
      punishes

      them for their sins. It may mean the One who destroys
      them.


  82. Al-^Afuww

    • The Pardoner, The Forgiver, The One with wide forgiveness.


  83. Ar-Ra'uf

    • The Compassionate, The One with extreme Mercy. The Mercy of Allah is His
      will to
      endow upon whoever He willed among His creatures.



  84. Malik Al-Mulk

    • The Eternal Owner of Sovereignty, The One who controls the Dominion and gives dominion
      to
      whoever He willed.


  85. Thul-Jalali wal-Ikram

    • The Lord of Majesty and Bounty, The One who deserves to be Exalted and not denied.


  86. Al-Muqsit


    • The Equitable, The One who is Just in His judgment.


  87. Aj-Jaami^

    • The Gatherer, The One who gathers the creatures on a day that there
      is
      no doubt about, that is the Day of Judgment.


  88. Al-Ghaniyy


    • The Self-Sufficient, The One who does not need the creation.


  89. Al-Mughni

    • The Enricher, The One who satisfies the necessities of the creatures.


  90. Al-Maani^

    • The Preventer, The Withholder.



  91. Ad-Daarr

    • The Distresser, The One who makes harm reach to whoever He willed and
      benefit to whoever He willed.


  92. An-Nafi^

    • The Propitious, The One who makes harm reach to whoever He willed and
      benefit to whoever He willed.


  93. An-Noor


    • The Light, The One who guides.


  94. Al-Haadi

    • The Guide, The One whom with His Guidance His belivers were
      guided,
      and with His Guidance the living beings have been
      guided to what is beneficial for them and protected
      from what is harmful to them.


  95. Al-Badi^


    • The Incomparable, The One who created the creation and formed it without
      any preceding example.


  96. Al-Baaqi

    • The Everlasting, The One that the state of non-existence is impossible for
      Him.


  97. Al-Waarith

    • The Supreme Inheritor, The Heir, The One whose Existence remains.



  98. Ar-Rasheed

    • The Guide to the Right Path, The One who guides.


  99. As-Saboor

    • The Patient, The One who does not quickly punish the sinners.





      "...There is nothing whatever like unto Him, and He is the One that hears and sees (all things). Qur'an [42:11]


      (Arabic transliteration: Laysa Kamithlihi Shayun Wa
      Huwa As-Sami' ul-Basir)






NOTE:


I found many different versions of the 99 names. The above 99 are on a poster
I have. Another list includes Al-Mu'tiy - The Bestower, The Giver and does not have Al-Ahad - The One. Another list did not have Al-Razzaaq -The Sustainer, The Provider but did have Al-Maajid The Noble, The One who is Majid.


Allah (subhanahu wa ta`ala)'s names are
not limited to 99, which is a common misconception.

There are a couple of evidences, one is the du`aa where one calls upon
Allah by the names He (subhanahu wa ta`ala) has kept to Himself (obviously
not taking these names since Allah has not revealed them to us); another
is the fact that in the narrations of the famous ninety nine names hadith
that do contain 99 names, the names are not consistent between narrations
(for example, imam al-bayhaqi reports two versions of this hadith, with
different 99 names in each). It is suggested by one commentator that the
names were not explicitly stated by the rasul (sallallahu `alayhi wa
sallam).






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